Gathering Your Supplies
Rifle and Scope
Accuracy is paramount for any shooting activity, whether you’re hunting, target shooting, or participating in competitive events. A critical element in achieving this accuracy is the proper zeroing of your rifle scope. This process, often referred to as “sighting in,” ensures that your point of aim aligns precisely with your point of impact at a specific distance. While various distances are used for zeroing, 100 yards is a popular and practical choice for many shooters. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into the intricacies of how to zero a scope at 100 yards, providing you with a detailed, step-by-step approach to achieve optimal accuracy with your firearm.
Ammunition
Select high-quality ammunition of the appropriate caliber and bullet weight for your rifle. For optimal results, it’s often recommended to use the same type of ammunition during the zeroing process that you intend to use for your shooting activities. This consistency is key, as different ammunition types can have varying ballistics that affect your point of impact.
Target
Choose a target specifically designed for sighting in or zeroing. These targets typically have grid patterns or aiming points that help you visualize your shots and adjust your scope. They’re usually available in different designs, ranging from simple bullseye targets to more complex ones with MOA or MIL gridlines.
Shooting Rest
This reduces or eliminates any unwanted movement caused by your body during the shot. A stable platform allows you to concentrate on the alignment of your scope. Bipods attached to the rifle are a great option. Sandbags, a shooting bench, or even a sturdy rest can also be employed, providing the necessary support. The goal is to eliminate as much human-induced movement as possible, resulting in more consistent shot placement.
Cleaning Supplies
Make sure that your rifle is clean and well-maintained. Before and after zeroing your scope, clean your rifle thoroughly. Removing any debris or residue from the barrel and action contributes to accuracy and also helps prolong the lifespan of your firearm.
Setting Up Your Range
Choose a Safe and Appropriate Range
First and foremost, always choose a safe and appropriate range. Make sure that it adheres to all safety rules. Familiarize yourself with the range’s specific guidelines and protocols before beginning. Safety is non-negotiable. Ensure that you are shooting in a controlled environment with clear range boundaries and a secure backstop capable of containing your shots.
Set Up the Target at 100 Yards
Proper measurement of the distance is crucial for successful zeroing. Ensure that the target is placed precisely 100 yards from your shooting position. Measuring tools, such as a laser rangefinder, can provide accurate measurements. Use a measuring tape to confirm the distance, or use the range markers. Precision in the target distance ensures that the zeroing process is as accurate as possible.
Position Yourself and Your Rifle
Assume a comfortable and stable shooting position behind your rifle. Whether you prefer to use a bench, prone position, or other shooting positions, make sure that you are comfortable and consistent. If you are comfortable, it’s easier to align your scope, focus on your target, and maintain steady shot placement. Your body position should be the same for all your shots. This includes your stance, your grip on the rifle, and the way you position your cheek on the stock.
The Zeroing Process
Initial Shots
Start by taking initial shots. These shots will help you understand where your bullets are hitting. Start with a few dry fire practices to get used to aiming and handling the rifle. Ensure the range is clear and you are in a safe firing position. Load your rifle with the ammunition you have selected. Take three shots at your target, focusing on a smooth trigger pull and proper sight alignment. After firing, observe where your shots have impacted the target. These initial shots will provide you with valuable information on the current state of your scope’s alignment.
Understanding Your Scope Adjustments
Most scopes have adjustment turrets to change the point of impact. These adjustments are usually measured in minutes of angle (MOA) or milliradians (MILs). One MOA is approximately one inch at 100 yards, and one MIL is roughly 3.6 inches at 100 yards. Your scope manual will detail the specific adjustment increment for your scope. Familiarize yourself with how many clicks on your scope’s turrets correspond to a particular change in your point of impact at 100 yards.
Adjusting the Windage and Elevation
Examine your target and determine the horizontal (windage) and vertical (elevation) distance between your point of impact and your desired point of aim. Use the MOA or MIL values to calculate the number of clicks you need to adjust your scope’s turrets. For example, if your shots are 4 inches high and 2 inches to the right, you would adjust your elevation turret down by 4 MOA (or roughly 1.1 MIL) and your windage turret left by 2 MOA (or roughly 0.6 MIL). Turn your turrets according to those calculations. The turrets on most scopes have indicators showing how many clicks you have moved them.
Firing a Group of Shots
Take a new group of three to five shots after making your scope adjustments. Carefully aim at your desired point of aim. Observe where your shots have impacted the target. This group of shots will reveal whether your adjustments have brought your shots closer to your point of aim. Ideally, these shots should form a tight group near the center of your target. If you haven’t achieved that, further adjustment is necessary.
Repeating Adjustments
After firing a group of shots, examine the target and repeat the adjustment process. If your shots are still not centered, continue adjusting the windage and elevation turrets. Make small adjustments, and make sure to fire a few rounds between each adjustment. Continue to fine-tune until your shots group tightly around your point of aim. The iterative process of adjusting and shooting can take time and patience, but it is essential for achieving optimal accuracy.
Final Confirmation Shot
Take one final shot to verify your zero. This shot should impact close to your point of aim. This shot provides the final confirmation that your scope is properly zeroed at 100 yards.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Scope Adjustment Problems
If you have scope adjustment problems, check your scope’s manual. Ensure the turrets are functioning correctly and that the adjustments are responsive to your inputs. If the turrets do not move, there may be a mechanical issue, or you might have reached the limit of adjustment. If that is the case, you might need to remount your scope.
Grouping Problems
If you’re struggling with grouping problems, the issue may be with your shooting technique. Ensure that you are maintaining a consistent shooting position and trigger pull. Ammunition can also play a role in accuracy. If you are using different brands of ammunition, this may explain inconsistent grouping. Always use high-quality ammunition.
Other Common Problems
Ensure your eye relief is correct, and your eye is positioned directly behind the scope. If you encounter problems with eye relief, this can impact the accuracy of your shots. Additionally, consider the impact of wind. Use a wind meter to measure the wind, and make adjustments to your scope accordingly. If you are zeroing in the wind, you need to take the wind into account and move your scope based on the wind.
Tips for Success
Practice and Consistency
Regularly zeroing your scope will help you understand its adjustments and the ballistics of your chosen ammunition. Practice shooting from various positions, and consistently practice the same techniques each time.
Record Keeping
Keep a log of your scope’s settings, along with the type of ammunition, weather conditions, and any adjustments you make. Record the settings on your scope for future reference. That data can be useful for future shooting sessions.
Environmental Considerations
Wind and temperature can affect your bullet’s trajectory. When zeroing your scope, consider the wind, and make adjustments based on the direction and speed of the wind. Be aware of the temperature changes as they can affect the density of the air, impacting the flight of your bullets.
Conclusion
Zeroing a scope at 100 yards is a crucial skill for anyone who values accuracy in shooting. By following the step-by-step process outlined in this guide, you can successfully zero your scope and improve your shooting performance. Remember that the keys to success are preparation, precision, and patience. Take your time, follow the steps, and make adjustments accordingly. Practice regularly and record your results. Enjoy the experience. With a well-zeroed scope, you can confidently engage targets and achieve greater accuracy in your shooting endeavors.
