Introduction
The AK Platform
The Kalashnikov, or AK-47 and its variants, is a globally recognized firearm, known for its reliability and straightforward design. From battlefields to ranges, its worth is proven. But the standard AK, with its iron sights, presents limitations in precision shooting. This is where optics become essential, and the AK scope rail installation becomes key to improved performance.
The Need for Optics
Upgrading the AK platform requires mounting an optic to elevate its capabilities. Iron sights, while effective at closer ranges, are difficult at further ranges, especially for those with imperfect eyesight or low visibility. Scopes and red dots greatly improve target acquisition and accuracy, creating a more efficient shooting experience. But, unlike modern rifles that have integrated rails, the AK traditionally lacks a built-in mounting system. This is where AK scope rail installation comes in.
Benefits of Scope Rails
An AK scope rail provides a secure platform for attaching optics like scopes, red dots, and reflex sights. The choice of rail depends on user preference, budget, and the intended use. It is important to recognize the variations in these mounting solutions.
Types of AK Scope Rails
Side Mounts
Side mounts attach to the left side of the receiver. This type uses the pre-drilled holes common on AK receivers, adding stability and longevity. Their stability makes them a favorite for heavier optics. Installation involves attaching the rail to the receiver using screws or rivets. For those without experience, consider professional help to ensure proper installation. The trade-off is potential permanence and compatibility with specific AK platforms that have mounting points.
Top Cover Rails
Top cover rails integrate directly into or replace the standard AK top cover. They are more straightforward to install, often requiring only a few screws. They allow for a lower profile mounting and are ideal for red dots. However, they sacrifice some degree of stability, and may cause a tendency to lose zero if subjected to impact. Furthermore, top cover rails may have limited compatibility, requiring the correct replacement top cover.
Gas Tube Rails
Gas tube rails mount to the gas tube. These offer simple installation and a position near the bore. They generally have limited mounting space and are not suitable for longer scopes. Moreover, these rails experience significant heat build-up, potentially affecting optic performance or longevity.
Handguard Rails
Handguard rails replace or attach to the existing handguard. They offer versatility, enabling the mounting of scopes and accessories. They are popular due to ease of use, but may not provide the same stability as side mounts. Handguard rails are best for lightweight optics and often require modification to the existing handguard.
Preparation
Gathering Tools and Materials
Before an AK scope rail installation, preparation is crucial. The necessary tools and materials ensure a successful project.
First, procure a scope rail kit. The kit includes the rail, mounting hardware (screws, rivets), and shims or adapters. Next, secure the appropriate screwdrivers, flathead or Phillips head. Consider a torque wrench. While optional, it ensures precise tightening of screws. Always use Loctite or a threadlocker like the blue variant. It prevents screws from loosening. A degreaser, such as isopropyl alcohol, ensures the mounting surfaces are free of oil, vital for the threadlocker to bond. Have a clean cloth, and if the rail calls for rivet installation, a punch and hammer will be required. A drill with the correct sized bits is also important.
Safety First
Safety glasses are a must, as small metal pieces can fly off during installation. Protecting the eyes is vital. Identifying your AK model is also important. Different variants have receiver design variations. Ensure the scope rail kit is compatible with your AK model.
Step-by-Step Installation Guide (Side Mount Method)
Preparing the Receiver
Clean the receiver’s surface where the scope rail will attach. Use a degreaser and cloth to remove any oil or debris that might hinder installation. This is important to ensure that the mounting hardware bonds securely. If the receiver has an old side rail, carefully remove it, taking care not to damage the receiver.
Positioning the Rail
Place the side rail against the receiver in the desired position. Ensure alignment with the bore of the barrel. Mark the locations for the screws or rivets using a marking pen or punch. The provided mounting hardware will usually dictate the placement.
Drilling the Receiver
If the side mount requires a drill, and screws will be used, create the mounting holes. Use the correct drill bit size for the mounting screws and drill the holes at the marked locations. This is generally easier with a drill press.
Attaching the Rail
Apply a small amount of threadlocker to the screws before inserting them into the receiver. Tighten the screws with a screwdriver, using the torque wrench if you have one. Torque the screws to the manufacturer’s recommended specification. If using rivets, insert the rivets into the holes and then use a rivet tool and hammer to securely seat them.
Checking Alignment
Ensure the rail is straight and correctly aligned with the bore of the barrel. Use a straight edge or a level to verify alignment. Misalignment means the scope will not function correctly.
Final Cleaning
Wipe down the rifle to remove any excess Loctite, oil, or debris. This gives the firearm a professional appearance and minimizes corrosion.
Alternative Installation Methods
Top Cover Rail Installation
The procedure for top cover rail installation will involve removing the original top cover and replacing it with the new rail, often secured by a latch or other mechanism. This is a straightforward process, but the overall stability should be confirmed before use.
Gas Tube Rail Installation
For the gas tube rail, begin by removing the existing gas tube. Attach the gas tube rail to the gas tube, then re-install it onto the rifle.
Handguard Rail Installation
Handguard rails generally involve removing the existing handguard and replacing it with the rail. The installation procedure will vary based on the specific type of handguard.
Mounting and Zeroing the Optic
Mounting the Scope
Mounting the scope involves attaching it to the installed rail. This typically involves using scope rings or a specific scope mount designed for the rail. Secure the scope to the rings or mount, ensuring it’s properly aligned.
Bore Sighting
Before zeroing, perform a bore sighting to get a rough alignment of the scope with the bore of the barrel. This can be done by looking through the bore and aligning the target. Bore sighting minimizes the adjustment needed during zeroing.
Zeroing the Scope
Find a safe shooting range. Fire a group of shots at a target at a known distance, usually one hundred yards. Observe where the shots impact the target. Adjust the scope’s elevation and windage knobs to bring the point of impact in line with the desired point of aim. Repeat the process, firing additional groups of shots and making adjustments until the rounds consistently hit the desired point of impact.
Confirming Zero
After completing the zeroing process, fire several groups to confirm the zero. Ensure the rounds are hitting the target at the correct point of impact. Once the zero is verified, the AK is ready for use with the optic.
Troubleshooting
Rail Issues
If the rail is loose or wobbly, re-tighten the mounting screws or ensure the rivets are seated. If the problem persists, use stronger threadlocker or replace the hardware. A wobbly rail compromises accuracy and causes the optic to lose zero.
Scope Issues
If the scope is not holding zero, check mounting screws, rings, and bases for tightness. Ensure the optic is securely mounted. Also, ensure the scope’s internal adjustments are functioning correctly.
Mounting Problems
If the scope won’t mount properly on the rail, double-check compatibility between the scope rings or mount and the rail. Ensure all parts are aligned and hardware is correctly installed. Sometimes brands have minor differences in size.
Hardware Issues
If hardware won’t fit, double-check screw and rivet sizes. Ensure all parts match the rail and installation directions. Inspect the installation. In some cases, some parts may be installed backward.
Ejection Issues
Rail blocking ejection, occurs when the rail interferes with the ejection of spent casings. In these situations, the rail may have to be adjusted or the rifle and its optics can become unreliable.
Maintenance and Care
Regular Inspection
Regularly check the screws or rivets for tightness. Vibrations from firing can cause loosening. Tighten any loose hardware.
Cleaning Procedures
Clean the rail and the optic regularly. Wipe off dirt, debris, or oil that accumulates. Use a soft cloth and appropriate cleaning solvents.
Protecting the Optic
Protect the optic from damage. Use lens caps or a scope cover to shield the lenses from scratches and impacts. Store the rifle in a safe place to prevent accidental damage.
Conclusion
An AK scope rail installation is a significant enhancement, transforming the AK into a more capable firearm. Proper installation is essential for reliable performance. Following the instructions in this guide ensures a successful installation, allowing you to accurately mount an optic to your AK, improving accuracy and target acquisition. Always prioritize safety. With the right tools, techniques, and patience, anyone can install an AK scope rail, unlocking the full potential of the AK platform. Enjoy your upgraded AK!
