Introduction
The gentle creak of the old wooden barn door, the scent of damp earth and spent gunpowder – these are the memories conjured for many by the distinct form of a classic bolt-action shotgun. Among the most recognizable of these time-tested firearms is the Stevens Model 58, a shotgun that has quietly earned its place in the history of American shooting. Today, we’ll delve into the specifics of one of its most popular configurations: the Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge. This wasn’t just a gun; it was a symbol of a simpler time, a reliable tool for sport, and in some instances, a beloved family heirloom. This article aims to provide a thorough exploration of this firearm, examining its historical roots, defining features, performance capabilities, potential uses, and overall value in the present day. Prepare to discover why the Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge remains a compelling piece of firearms history.
Roots in the Past
The story of the Stevens Model 58 is intertwined with the rich history of the Savage Arms Company. Before there was Savage, there was the Stevens Arms & Tool Company, founded by Joshua Stevens in the late 1860s. The Stevens name quickly became synonymous with affordable, dependable firearms, catering to the needs of the average American sportsman. These were guns built not for flash, but for function. Over the years, the company was acquired, rebranded, and finally incorporated into what became Savage Arms. The Stevens brand continued to thrive, however, maintaining its reputation for offering value-packed options.
The era during which the Model 58 was primarily produced, roughly mid-twentieth century, was one of significant innovation and change in the firearms industry. Advances in manufacturing processes made it possible to create reliable and affordable firearms accessible to a wide audience. The demand for shotguns for both hunting and general purpose was high, and the Stevens Model 58 perfectly positioned itself to meet this demand. Its appeal lay in its simplicity, robustness, and, importantly, its price point. It represented a solid choice for those seeking a dependable shotgun without breaking the bank.
Defining Characteristics and Specifications
A deep understanding of the **Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge** requires a close look at its core specifications. Let’s examine the critical components that contribute to its unique character.
The gauge, of course, is 20, representing a smaller bore size when compared to the more prevalent 12-gauge. The 20-gauge is often preferred for its lighter weight and reduced recoil, making it a good choice for smaller-framed shooters, younger hunters, and those who value maneuverability. The Model 58, in 20-gauge, was typically chambered for 2 ¾-inch shells, though the exact specification could vary slightly depending on the production year and model.
The action type is one of the most distinguishing features: a bolt-action. Unlike the more commonly found pump-action or semi-automatic shotguns, the bolt-action requires the shooter to manually cycle the bolt after each shot to eject the spent shell and chamber a fresh round. This design contributes to the Model 58’s simplicity and generally enhanced reliability. The bolt-action mechanism, though slower, also typically results in a more robust and simple overall design.
Barrel lengths varied, though common lengths include 26 and 28 inches. The length often impacted the gun’s overall balance and pointability. The Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge commonly featured a fixed choke, meaning the constriction at the muzzle was not adjustable. The choke, whether modified or full, was designed for a specific shot pattern at a given distance, influencing the suitability of the shotgun for different types of hunting.
The stock, generally made of wood, contributed to the classic appearance of the Model 58. Stock design tended to be simple and functional, built for comfortable shouldering and consistent aiming. The shape and design, while not offering the more modern ergonomics, were generally well-suited for a variety of users.
Overall length and weight were both moderate, making the shotgun relatively easy to carry and handle. The dimensions made it a good option for both hunting in the field and carrying on a casual shooting outing.
The capacity of the magazine was another factor to consider. These bolt-action shotguns generally held a limited number of rounds, typically in the range of two or three in the magazine, plus one in the chamber.
Other features worth mentioning included the sights, usually consisting of a simple bead front sight and a notch rear sight, providing basic aiming capabilities. The safety mechanism was usually a simple cross-bolt safety, placed conveniently for easy access. The trigger design was typically straightforward, delivering a functional experience that focused on reliability. Receiver markings included the Stevens brand and model designation.
Experience in Action
How does the **Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge** perform when put to the test? The experience with this firearm is characterized by certain qualities.
The recoil generated by the 20-gauge round, in a firearm like the Model 58, is generally manageable, especially compared to a 12-gauge. The bolt-action system, however, can influence the felt recoil.
Accuracy expectations are generally reasonable. As a shotgun, it isn’t expected to deliver pinpoint accuracy at long ranges, but the Model 58 is capable of delivering consistent shot patterns within practical hunting ranges.
Reliability is often cited as a key strength. The simple design of the bolt-action mechanism contributes to this reputation. The firearm, with proper care and maintenance, is typically known for its ability to withstand many rounds.
The ease of use of the Model 58 is another important characteristic. The bolt-action is simple to operate, making it a suitable choice for those new to shotguns. The system is easily understood, and this simplicity is one of its main appeals.
Handling characteristics are important as well. The balance and feel can influence the overall experience. The often-lighter weight of a 20-gauge shotgun, combined with the stock design, generally make the Model 58 reasonably comfortable and easy to handle.
Potential Applications
While it’s not the most versatile shotgun ever made, the **Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge** still has several useful applications.
Hunting is perhaps its most common use. The 20-gauge is an excellent choice for various game species, including smaller game such as rabbits and squirrels, along with upland birds like quail, grouse, and woodcock. The lighter weight of the 20-gauge, combined with the generally good handling of the Model 58, makes it a comfortable option for long days in the field.
Home defense is another potential area of consideration, though this must be approached with extreme caution and respect for the responsibility involved. The fixed choke limits its short-range effectiveness somewhat. The shorter barrel length may contribute to its maneuverability in close quarters.
Target shooting, particularly informal shooting, can also be a good use for the Model 58. The ease of use and manageable recoil make it an enjoyable option for casual target practice.
Finally, the Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge is frequently collected. The history, simplicity, and classic appearance have all contributed to its appeal as a collector’s item, and the condition and rarity influence its value.
Value Assessment and Market Trends
The value of the **Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge** is influenced by a number of factors. The condition is paramount; a gun in excellent condition will command a higher price than one that shows significant wear. Rarity also plays a role. Certain models or variations might be more sought after than others. Originality is important as well; guns that retain their original parts and finish tend to be more valuable.
Market prices fluctuate. Searching through online auction sites, gun shows, and local gun stores provides information. Prices are often in the range of $150 to $400, but condition will be the deciding factor.
Evaluating the condition of a Model 58 requires careful inspection. Look for wear on the bluing, checking for rust or pitting. Examine the wood stock for cracks, scratches, or other damage. Check the bore for rust or obstruction. Determine if the bolt functions smoothly.
Finding a Model 58 can be achieved through multiple avenues. Online auctions are a popular source, with websites that specialize in firearms auctions. Gun shows offer opportunities to inspect and purchase the shotgun. Local gun stores, both those with new inventory and those with used guns, might stock one.
Weighing the Good and the Bad
Like all firearms, the **Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge** has both advantages and disadvantages.
Among the advantages, affordability is often at the top of the list. The price is usually reasonable for entry-level or experienced shooters. Reliability is another strength, arising from its simple design and sturdy construction. The simplicity also makes it easy to operate and maintain. For hunting or casual use, the Model 58 can be effective in its designated role.
On the downside, the bolt-action can feel slow compared to the modern pump-action or semi-automatic shotguns. The magazine capacity is also limited. Furthermore, the fixed choke may not be suitable for all shooting situations.
Maintenance Matters
Proper maintenance is essential for keeping your **Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge** in good condition.
Regular cleaning and lubrication are critical. After each shooting session, the bore should be cleaned with a cleaning rod, brush, and solvent. The bolt should be disassembled, cleaned, and lubricated. The receiver should also be wiped down and lightly oiled.
Common issues and troubleshooting tips are also important. Feeding problems can be caused by dirty or damaged magazines. Ejection problems can be caused by dirty or worn ejector mechanisms. These should be addressed when found.
Safety precautions are paramount. Always treat the shotgun as if it were loaded, even when you think it is empty. Keep your finger off the trigger until you are ready to shoot. Always point the muzzle in a safe direction.
Conclusion
The **Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge** remains a compelling piece of firearms history. It is a testament to a simpler era when functionality, reliability, and affordability were the primary considerations in firearm design. Its legacy continues, with many still enjoying this straightforward shotgun for hunting, target shooting, or simply appreciating the beauty of classic firearms.
The Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge represents a practical and affordable entry point into the world of shotguns. With its bolt-action operation, its reputation for reliability, and its comfortable weight, the gun still fits the needs of many shooters today. Whether you are a seasoned collector, a new shooter looking for an affordable first shotgun, or simply appreciate classic American craftsmanship, the Stevens Model 58 20 Gauge is a shotgun worthy of consideration.
Consider this classic. Search for one to add to your collection, or simply appreciate the legacy of this timeless firearm.
