Understanding the .338 Cartridge and Its Requirements
.338 Cartridge Variations and Twist Rates
The .338 cartridge family boasts several distinguished members, each designed to cater to specific shooting needs. For the purposes of lead casting, the essential thing to remember is the bore diameter, which is consistent across many popular variations. Rifle barrels in .338 are designed to accept bullets that measure .338 inches in diameter.
The .338 Lapua Magnum is often at the top of the performance charts, offering a level of power and long-range capability that is hard to surpass. The .338 Winchester Magnum is also a great choice for hunting purposes, delivering serious energy at practical distances. The .338-06, another solid choice, often favored by reloaders.
One crucial factor to consider when using lead cast bullets is the rifle’s twist rate. This refers to the rate at which the rifling within the barrel causes the bullet to spin, thereby stabilizing it in flight. The .338 chamberings typically have a twist rate of approximately one turn in ten inches, which is suitable for a wide range of bullet weights, including lead projectiles. You’ll want to verify your specific rifle’s twist rate and tailor bullet weight accordingly for optimal results. A bullet that is too light for a particular twist rate may be unstable, while one that is too heavy can be over-stabilized, potentially reducing accuracy.
Throat Considerations and Safety Warnings
Another key consideration, specifically relevant to cast bullets, is the throat of your rifle. The throat is the section of the barrel just ahead of the chamber where the bullet first engages the rifling. For lead cast bullets, the throat should be properly sized and in good condition to ensure proper bullet fit and to minimize the risk of lead fouling (a buildup of lead residue inside the barrel). When the fit is proper, the bullet will enter the rifling with minimal distortion, providing the best possible accuracy.
It’s important to emphasize that reloading any ammunition requires a commitment to safety. This is especially true with the powerful .338 cartridges and the process of working with hot lead. Always wear appropriate safety gear, including eye protection and gloves, and work in a well-ventilated area. Always refer to reputable reloading manuals and follow recommended load data.
The Benefits of Using Lead Cast Bullets in the .338
Cost Savings
One of the most significant benefits of **338 lead cast bullets** is the potential for significant cost savings. Lead bullets generally cost far less than jacketed bullets. The cost of lead, tin, and antimony, the common ingredients for bullet alloy, tends to be less expensive than the copper jackets and other components used in jacketed bullets. Over time, the cost savings can accumulate, particularly for those who shoot frequently. As an additional advantage, you have the ability to control your costs by purchasing lead in bulk.
Accuracy Potential
Beyond cost, lead bullets have the potential for creating remarkable accuracy. Properly cast and sized lead bullets can achieve extremely tight groups. When the bullet fits the bore well, and the powder is chosen carefully, lead bullets are known to provide remarkable accuracy at long distances. In addition, lead bullets can conform to the bore, maximizing the fit and reducing opportunities for gas to escape around the bullet.
Bullet Design Control
Another significant advantage is the unparalleled control over bullet design that lead casting provides. You are not limited to commercially available bullet weights, shapes, and hardnesses. With the right molds, you can create custom bullets designed to match your specific rifle and the intended application. Want to experiment with a heavier bullet for greater impact at long range? Want a lighter bullet for flatter trajectories? With lead casting, the possibilities are virtually limitless. You have the opportunity to develop unique bullets that optimize the performance of your .338 rifle.
Reduced Barrel Wear
Finally, the use of **338 lead cast bullets** may lead to reduced barrel wear, compared to certain jacketed bullets. Lead is a softer metal than copper and is less abrasive. This can extend the life of your barrel, saving you money in the long run.
Essential Equipment and Supplies for Casting 338 Lead Cast Bullets
Melting Pot and Bullet Mold
The melting pot is one of the cornerstones of any lead casting operation. There are options ranging from manual pots to electric models with temperature control. An electric pot is generally recommended, as it allows for more precise temperature regulation, which is critical for consistent bullet casting. The size of the pot should be adequate for your casting volume; smaller pots are great for starting.
You will need a bullet mold. These precision-made tools create the bullet’s shape. Bullet molds come in various designs, including single-cavity and multi-cavity molds. When choosing a mold for **338 lead cast bullets**, consider the bullet weight and shape that best suits your intended use. Consider designs that allow for easy bullet ejection.
Alloy, Flux, and Lubricant
The alloy itself is a crucial component. The most common alloy for casting bullets consists of lead, tin, and antimony. The ratio of these metals determines the bullet’s hardness and other characteristics. A common alloy for cast bullets, such as those used in the .338, is a mixture around a Brinell Hardness Number of 10-14. This allows for consistent expansion.
Flux is used to remove impurities from the molten lead. Flux helps to keep the lead clean, which is essential for good quality bullets. Borax is a common fluxing agent.
Bullet lubricants are used to lubricate the bullet and the sizing die, as well as protect the bullet from leading the barrel. Different lubricants are available.
Sizing Die, Lubricator, and Other Essential Tools
A sizing die and lubricator are essential for ensuring that the cast bullets are the proper size for your rifle. This is critical for accuracy. Push-through sizing dies and lubrisizers are both common options, and will determine the method you use to apply your lubricant.
Other important equipment includes a lead thermometer, which will allow you to monitor your melting pot’s temperature precisely. Safety glasses and heat-resistant gloves are critical for protecting yourself from the dangers of working with molten lead. A casting ladle is needed to transfer molten lead from the melting pot to the mold. A digital scale will be used for weighing your bullets. And finally, bullet sizers are required for resizing your bullets after casting.
The Lead Casting Process: A Step-by-Step Guide
Preparation
Before you begin, set up your workspace. Work in a well-ventilated area and ensure there are no flammable materials nearby. Don safety glasses and gloves. Preheat your mold. This helps to ensure consistent bullet formation and reduces the likelihood of imperfections.
Melting and Pouring
Next, you will melt your alloy. Place your lead and alloy in the melting pot and heat it to the recommended temperature. Frequently skim the surface of the molten lead to remove any impurities.
Once the lead is melted and at the correct temperature, it’s time to pour the bullets. Position the mold under the spout of the melting pot and carefully pour the molten lead into the mold cavities. Pour in a steady, even stream to fill the cavities completely.
Cooling, Ejecting, and Inspecting
Allow the bullets to cool in the mold. Follow the mold manufacturer’s instructions, as the cooling time can vary. Once cool, open the mold and eject the bullets.
The next step is to inspect your newly-cast bullets. Check for any defects, such as incomplete fills, wrinkles, or imperfections. Weigh each bullet to ensure consistency.
Sizing and Lubricating
Sizing and lubricating comes next. After they have cooled, it’s time to size and lubricate your bullets. Pass the bullets through your sizing die to bring them to the correct diameter. Apply the bullet lubricant.
Reloading 338 Lead Cast Bullets: Practical Tips
Load Data and Powder Selection
Reloading lead cast bullets in the .338 requires a methodical approach.
Load data is essential. Start by consulting reputable reloading manuals and load data websites for information on loading lead bullets in the .338. Pay close attention to the recommended powder types and charge weights. Remember to start with the minimum load and work up carefully, watching for any signs of excessive pressure.
Powder selection is important. The slower-burning powders often used for jacketed bullets in the .338 may not be ideal for lead bullets. Faster-burning powders are often preferred, producing the pressure curve needed for good performance with cast bullets.
Primers, Case Preparation, and Seating Depth
When loading lead bullets, ensure you’re using appropriate primers. Use the same primer recommendation found in the reloading manual.
Before loading, inspect your cases. Make sure that they’re clean and properly prepared.
Seating depth plays an important role. Experiment with different seating depths. You can seat your bullets to make sure they contact the lands and grooves.
Testing and Accuracy
Finally, testing and accuracy are paramount. Test your reloads at the range to evaluate their accuracy. Pay close attention to the groups you achieve, making adjustments to your loads as needed.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
Leading
Leading, the buildup of lead residue in the barrel, is one of the most common issues. Leading often indicates an improper fit between the bullet and the bore. Leading can also occur from excessive velocities or a bullet alloy that is too soft. Using a bullet that is not properly lubricated may also cause leading. Solutions to this problem may include using a harder alloy, using a larger bullet diameter, using a better lubricant, reducing the load, or replacing the barrel.
Poor Accuracy
Poor accuracy is another problem. Inconsistent casting, improper sizing, the wrong bullet weight for the twist rate, or an incorrect powder charge can all contribute to poor accuracy. First, be sure that the bullets are uniform. Check for proper seating depth.
Bullet Deformation and Other Issues
Bullet deformation can cause issues. If bullets are dented or deformed during casting, sizing, or handling, it can negatively affect accuracy. Be careful when casting and handling your bullets, and examine them closely.
Safety Precautions
Lead Exposure
Working with lead does pose some risks. Lead exposure can be harmful, so always work in a well-ventilated area. Wear a respirator and use appropriate ventilation when melting lead. Clean up your workspace after casting and reloading, and wash your hands thoroughly.
Reloading Safety
When reloading, always follow recommended load data from reliable sources. Never exceed maximum powder charges. Protect yourself by wearing proper eye protection, ear protection, and gloves. Never load ammunition in an unsafe manner.
Conclusion
Using **338 lead cast bullets** provides a compelling path for reloaders interested in the .338. The cost savings, accuracy potential, and the freedom to customize bullet designs are significant benefits. With a commitment to safety, a bit of practice, and access to the right tools, you can experience the unique satisfaction of creating your own high-performance ammunition. Take the first step to crafting your own **338 lead cast bullets**. Begin by carefully reading and following the above steps.
Additional Resources
Books: Reloading Manuals, Lead Casting Handbooks
Websites: Reloading Forums, Bullet Casting Websites
Suppliers: MidwayUSA, Brownells, Graf & Sons, and specialized lead casting supply companies.
Good luck and happy shooting!
