A Journey Through Time: The Heritage of the Side by Side Shotgun
The classic elegance of a finely crafted shotgun, the way it nestles perfectly into the shoulder, the satisfying *click* of the action – these are experiences that resonate with firearm enthusiasts and those who appreciate the artistry of a well-made tool. Among the many designs that have graced the shooting world, few hold the same enduring charm and rich history as the side by side. This article explores the world of the **Side By Side 12 Gauge**, delving into its history, features, uses, advantages, and everything you need to know before considering owning one.
The story of the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** is a story woven into the fabric of sporting traditions, a tale of craftsmanship, and a symbol of rugged elegance.
Early Beginnings
The history of the shotgun itself predates the modern cartridge. Early firearms, cumbersome and unreliable as they were, were developed for hunting and warfare. As technology improved, so did firearm design. The concept of multiple barrels side by side, allowing for quick follow-up shots, emerged as a natural progression.
Evolution and Rise
This design quickly gained popularity as a hunting weapon. The ability to carry two rounds in quick succession, and the relatively straightforward design, made them practical for everything from upland bird hunting to pursuing larger game.
The rise of the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** was closely linked to the rise of sporting culture. Wealthier individuals and land owners adopted the elegant shotguns for driven game shoots, further fueling the demand for high-quality side-by-sides.
Notable Manufacturers
Many brands have helped shape the landscape of the side-by-side shotgun. Names like Westley Richards, Holland & Holland, Purdey, and Beretta became synonymous with luxury and precision. Their products were crafted with meticulous attention to detail, using only the finest materials. These shotguns are, to this day, highly sought after. In the United States, companies like Parker Brothers and Ithaca Gun Company produced noteworthy models.
Decline and Resurgence
The advent of more modern shotgun designs, such as pump-action and semi-automatic shotguns, presented a challenge. These guns could offer higher capacities and often simpler operation. As a result, the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** experienced a decline in popularity for a time.
However, the allure of the side-by-side never completely faded. Today, there is a distinct resurgence. Shooting enthusiasts increasingly seek the elegant design, the balanced handling, and the sheer beauty of these classic shotguns. These shotguns are no longer simply hunting tools; they are often treasured for their history, their aesthetic qualities, and the shooting experience they provide.
Understanding the Mechanics: Components and Design
The fundamental design of the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** centers around its two parallel barrels. These barrels are the heart of the firearm, directing the shot towards the target.
Barrels
The barrels are typically made of steel. The quality of the steel, the manufacturing process, and the chokes (the narrowing of the barrel at the muzzle to control the spread of the shot) all play a significant role in the gun’s performance. Choke variations, often indicated on the barrel, allow the shooter to tailor the shot pattern for different ranges and game. Options range from cylinder bore (widest spread) to full choke (tightest spread). Modern versions often utilize interchangeable chokes.
Action
The action is the mechanical “brain” of the **Side By Side 12 Gauge**, and many different types have been produced. The boxlock is the most common type, and has a simple, reliable design. The sidelock, on the other hand, incorporates intricate components built into the sideplates of the receiver. Sidelocks are often associated with premium shotguns. The action is responsible for loading the cartridges, firing them, and extracting the spent shells. The reliability and quality of the action is crucial.
Receiver
The receiver, the main body of the firearm, houses the action and connects to the barrels, stock, and forend. The receiver can be made from a variety of materials, including steel or lightweight alloys. The receiver is a crucial component, and the quality of its construction directly impacts the overall lifespan and durability of the gun.
Stock and Forend
The stock and forend are essential for proper handling and aiming. The stock, which houses the butt of the gun, is designed to fit the shooter’s shoulder, allowing for comfortable and accurate shooting. The forend, located beneath the barrels, provides a secure grip for the non-dominant hand. Wood, often walnut, is a common material for stocks and forends, but synthetic materials are also used.
Additional Features
Beyond the primary components, the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** includes features that enhance its functionality and safety.
Double triggers, a common feature, allow the shooter to select which barrel to fire first. Single triggers are an alternative, simplifying the firing sequence. Ejectors automatically remove the spent shells, making reloading faster. Extractors, a less costly option, only partially extract the shells, requiring manual removal. Safety mechanisms, such as a manual safety, help prevent accidental discharge.
Putting It to Use: Applications of the Side By Side 12 Gauge
The **Side By Side 12 Gauge** shines in a variety of applications, each leveraging its specific attributes.
Hunting
Many hunters will use a **Side By Side 12 Gauge** for bird hunting, the gun is a favorite amongst upland bird hunters. The quick handling characteristics, combined with the ability to deliver two shots in rapid succession, make it perfect for fast-flying quarry like quail, grouse, and pheasant. Waterfowl hunting is another possibility, though the limited capacity is a consideration.
Sport Shooting
Beyond hunting, the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** is valued in sport shooting. Certain disciplines of sporting clays and other clay target sports are often performed with side-by-side shotguns. The balanced handling and aesthetic charm of the SxS are strong attractions for many shooters.
Home Defense (Limited discussion)
The **Side By Side 12 Gauge** can technically be used for home defense, but this is a complex subject. The limited capacity, potential for slower reloading, and the need for precise handling are all factors to consider. The user must also be mindful of any local laws.
Collectors
For collectors, a well-preserved **Side By Side 12 Gauge** can be a prized possession. These shotguns are often appreciated for their craftsmanship, history, and aesthetic value. Displaying them showcases not only the beauty of firearms, but also the evolution of firearms design over time.
Weighing the Options: Strengths and Weaknesses
Like any firearm, the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** has both its advantages and disadvantages. Understanding these characteristics is critical for making an informed decision.
Advantages
The benefits of this gun are numerous. The design is often associated with timeless elegance. The clean lines and the fine details of a well-crafted side-by-side are instantly recognizable. Balance and handling is often excellent, making them point fast and easy to swing.
The inherent reliability of the action is generally high. The simplicity of the design and the quality of materials used often results in many decades of reliable service. This is one of the main reasons used guns are so popular.
Another advantage is ease of loading and unloading. With the barrels open, the shooter can readily access the chambers.
Finally, many used **Side By Side 12 Gauge** shotguns are available at reasonable prices. While high-end models can be incredibly expensive, more affordable options are accessible, particularly in the used market.
Disadvantages
The disadvantages are also worth noting. They are typically more expensive than pump-action or semi-automatic shotguns. The quality of construction and the materials used drive up the price.
The two-round capacity is limiting for some applications. The need to reload after two shots requires a specific skill set.
Finding a well-fitted shotgun can be challenging. A proper fit is essential for accurate shooting, and a gun that is not correctly sized can be difficult to handle.
Recoil can be significant. Because many are lightweight, the recoil impulse from the large 12 gauge shells can be a factor, especially for inexperienced shooters.
Reloading can be slower compared to some other designs. This is particularly true in a hunting situation where a quick third or fourth shot could be a difference maker.
Acquiring Your Own: Considerations Before Purchase
Choosing and purchasing a **Side By Side 12 Gauge** involves a series of considerations.
Budget
Budget is a major factor. Prices vary widely depending on the manufacturer, the age, the condition, and the level of embellishment. Setting a budget is crucial from the start.
Intended Use
The intended use will also guide your decision. Are you primarily interested in hunting, sport shooting, or collecting? The best shotgun for upland bird hunting will differ from one used on a clay target course.
Gauge
Gauge is a key specification. While the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** is the most common, other gauges exist, although the 12 gauge is the most versatile.
Barrel Length and Choke
Barrel length and choke configuration are essential. Longer barrels typically provide better accuracy and longer ranges. The choke constricts the shot pattern; tighter chokes are suited for longer distances, while wider chokes are suitable for closer targets.
Proper Fit
Proper fit is essential. The length of pull (the distance from the trigger to the butt of the stock), the drop at comb (the distance from the comb of the stock to the barrel), and the drop at heel (the distance from the heel of the stock to the barrel) must be correct for the shooter’s build. A poorly fitted gun is less enjoyable to shoot and leads to poor performance.
Quality
Always consider the quality of the firearm. The manufacturer, the materials used, and the overall construction will affect the shotgun’s durability, reliability, and value.
New vs. Used
Buying a new or used gun has pros and cons. A new shotgun guarantees that all parts are in excellent condition and comes with a manufacturer’s warranty. A used gun can be more affordable, but it requires a thorough inspection.
Where to Buy
The source of the firearm is important. Reputable gun shops, online marketplaces, and private sellers each have advantages and disadvantages. Buying from a gun shop provides the opportunity to inspect the gun in person and ask questions. Auction houses offer unique opportunities to bid on rare or antique shotguns.
Inspection
A pre-purchase inspection is crucial for any used **Side By Side 12 Gauge**. Check for any signs of wear and tear, pitting in the barrels, loose components, and proper functioning.
Legal Compliance
Above all else, always comply with all applicable laws and regulations.
Maintaining Your Investment: Maintenance and Care
Proper maintenance is critical for extending the life and performance of your **Side By Side 12 Gauge**.
Cleaning
Regular cleaning removes the fouling that builds up after each shooting session. The barrels, action, and stock must be cleaned carefully.
Lubrication
Lubrication reduces friction between moving parts. Lubricate the action and other key components with gun-specific lubricants to prevent wear and corrosion.
Storage
When the shotgun is not in use, store it in a safe, dry place. This protects the gun from damage and corrosion. Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures or humidity.
Common Issues
Familiarize yourself with common issues that can arise. If any problems occur, address them promptly. If you are not familiar with firearm repair, then seek the help of a professional gunsmith.
Prioritizing Safety: Precautions and Responsible Ownership
Firearm safety is paramount.
Handling Rules
Always handle the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** as if it is loaded, even when you believe it is unloaded. Maintain muzzle control at all times, ensuring that the muzzle is pointed in a safe direction. Keep your finger off the trigger until you are ready to fire.
Training
Consider the importance of regular training. Take firearm safety courses and practice safe handling techniques. Always have a proper respect for your firearm.
Inspection
Regularly inspect your shotgun for any signs of damage or wear. Be diligent, and keep the gun in top operating condition.
The Future of the Side By Side 12 Gauge
The **Side By Side 12 Gauge** enjoys an enduring appeal, and there are strong reasons to believe it will continue. The resurgence of interest among shooters, coupled with the classic design and inherent craftsmanship, suggests that the side-by-side will remain a cherished firearm for years to come.
The market for these shotguns reflects this continued appeal. Both new and used **Side By Side 12 Gauge** shotguns are readily available.
In Conclusion
The **Side By Side 12 Gauge** is more than just a firearm; it’s a piece of history, a work of art, and a testament to the enduring appeal of classic design. Its elegance, handling characteristics, and versatility have made it a favorite among hunters, sport shooters, and collectors alike. Whether you’re drawn to its beauty, its heritage, or its practical utility, the side-by-side 12 gauge offers a unique and rewarding shooting experience. Consider the **Side By Side 12 Gauge** as a potential addition to your collection.
