Introduction
The world of firearms is filled with choices, each designed to meet specific needs and preferences. For those seeking personal protection or sport shooting, the pistol reigns supreme. But within the realm of handguns, a crucial decision confronts every prospective owner: selecting the right action type. The two dominant contenders in this arena are the striker fired and double action pistol actions. This article delves into the intricacies of these two systems, comparing their mechanisms, advantages, and disadvantages to help you navigate the landscape and determine which pistol action is best suited for you.
This isn’t merely about choosing between two different mechanisms; it’s about understanding how each action type influences the shooting experience, from the feel of the trigger to the speed of follow-up shots and the overall safety features. Ultimately, the goal is to empower you with the knowledge to make an informed decision, one that aligns with your skill level, intended use, and personal preferences. The right pistol action can elevate your shooting performance and contribute to your peace of mind. Conversely, choosing the wrong one can lead to frustration and even safety concerns. Let’s begin our journey of understanding the crucial differences that set these two actions apart.
Understanding the Striker Fired System
At the heart of a striker fired pistol lies a deceptively simple mechanism. Instead of a hammer, which is a component that swings to strike the firing pin, a striker-fired pistol employs a spring-loaded firing pin, or “striker,” that directly impacts the primer of the cartridge to initiate ignition. This design often contributes to a streamlined, modern profile.
The key components of a striker fired pistol include the striker itself, a strong spring that provides the necessary force to propel the striker forward, and a sear, which holds the striker in a cocked (ready-to-fire) position until the trigger is pulled. Many modern striker-fired pistols also incorporate internal safeties, such as a firing pin block, designed to prevent accidental discharge if the pistol is dropped or subjected to impact. The trigger typically only disengages the sear, releasing the striker to move forward and ignite the primer.
The advantages of this system are numerous. One of the biggest benefits is its inherent simplicity. Fewer moving parts often translate to greater reliability, and the straightforward design can also make the firearm easier to maintain. The consistency of the trigger pull is another significant advantage. Because the striker is fully cocked with each shot, the trigger pull weight remains constant, which can make for more accurate and predictable shooting. This consistent trigger feel can be especially valuable for new shooters as they develop their technique.
Furthermore, the design of striker fired pistols frequently results in a slimmer profile, making them well-suited for concealed carry. The absence of a protruding hammer reduces the chance of snagging on clothing when drawing the weapon. The shorter trigger reset found in many striker fired pistols also facilitates faster follow-up shots, allowing for quicker target acquisition and engagement. These traits have made the striker fired system extremely popular amongst law enforcement and civilians alike for personal defense.
However, the striker fired design is not without its downsides. Some shooters may find the trigger feel less desirable than that of a hammer-fired pistol. The trigger pull can sometimes be described as “mushy” or “gritty,” lacking the crispness that some shooters prefer. While internal safeties are generally considered safe and reliable, some users may prefer the visual and tactile feedback of a manual safety or the hammer on a DA/SA pistol. Finally, the reliance on internal safeties does require a higher level of trust in the manufacturing and engineering of the firearm.
Delving into the Realm of Double Action Systems
The world of double action (DA) pistols presents a different mechanical philosophy. These handguns offer a unique approach to operation, relying on a system where the trigger pull performs multiple functions, leading to a distinct shooting experience.
We can categorize the double action system into two primary types: DA/SA (Double Action/Single Action) and DAO (Double Action Only). In DA/SA pistols, the first trigger pull both cocks the hammer and releases it, firing the first shot. Subsequent shots are then fired in single-action mode, with the hammer cocked back by the slide’s movement. The trigger pull is much lighter in single-action mode. DAO pistols, on the other hand, require a full double action trigger pull for every shot, which is a consistent, usually heavier pull.
The fundamental components of a double action pistol include the hammer, the sear (which holds the hammer in place), and the trigger bar, which interacts with the sear to release the hammer. In a DA/SA configuration, the first trigger pull draws the hammer back and then releases it. For subsequent shots, the slide’s cycling action cocks the hammer. In the DAO version, the trigger is always responsible for the full cocking and releasing action.
Double action pistols offer several distinct advantages. One significant benefit lies in the nature of the first shot. The long, heavy trigger pull required to cock and release the hammer can be a safety feature in a high-stress situation. It makes it more difficult to accidentally fire the gun. The heavier trigger pull provides a greater margin for error.
Furthermore, many DA/SA pistols incorporate external manual safeties. This feature gives the shooter the ability to visually and tactically confirm the weapon’s safe status. The double action design can also be exceptionally reliable in harsh or dirty environments. The robust mechanism is often less susceptible to malfunctions caused by debris or environmental factors.
However, the double action system also has its drawbacks. The heavy first trigger pull in a DA/SA pistol can be a challenge for some shooters, especially in a stressful situation. The transition from a heavy, long trigger pull to a lighter, shorter pull (for subsequent shots in a DA/SA system) can also present a challenge, potentially affecting accuracy. The added complexity of the mechanism can lead to a greater number of parts.
Comparing the Two: A Head-to-Head Analysis
Let’s now directly compare and contrast the key characteristics of striker fired and double action pistols. Understanding these differences is crucial for selecting the right system for your needs.
The trigger pull stands as a defining characteristic. DA/SA pistols begin with a heavy trigger pull for the first shot, followed by a lighter pull for subsequent shots (if the slide is cycling). This transition can be jarring for some shooters. The DAO pistol features a consistent, but heavier, pull for every shot. Striker fired pistols, in contrast, generally offer a more consistent trigger pull weight across all shots, a design choice preferred by many shooters.
The trigger feel also varies considerably. The first shot in a DA/SA pistol can feel sluggish. Many shooters find the consistent pull of striker fired pistols more appealing. The feel, travel, and reset are all critical elements of this sensation.
Safety features also differ. Many double action pistols come with external manual safeties, providing an added layer of security and peace of mind. Striker fired pistols often rely on internal safeties. They offer a lower profile and simpler operation, but some users might prefer the visual feedback of an external safety.
Size and concealability play a role, particularly for those prioritizing concealed carry. Striker fired pistols generally have a sleeker profile than their hammer-fired counterparts. This design facilitates easier concealment under clothing.
Maintenance is another consideration. Double action systems, with their more complex mechanisms, can require a slightly higher level of maintenance. Both systems, however, benefit from regular cleaning and lubrication.
The cost of the pistols is also something to take into consideration. In general, both striker fired and double action pistols can be found at various price points, and this will also depend on the manufacturer, quality, and features.
Matching the Action to the Application
The ideal application for each action type differs based on individual requirements and preferences.
Striker fired pistols excel in a variety of roles. They are excellent choices for concealed carry. The slim profile and consistent trigger pull make them comfortable and effective for everyday carry and self-defense. They are also used in target shooting, especially in competitions where consistency is valued. The simple, reliable operation of many striker fired designs makes them a solid choice for both experienced and newer shooters.
Double action pistols, especially DA/SA models, were once the staple for law enforcement. The heavy initial trigger pull provides an added measure of safety. Many shooters prefer the feel of the hammer action. These pistols are still favored by those seeking a more traditional feel or a manual safety.
Conclusion
Both striker fired and double action pistol systems have their strengths and weaknesses. The “best” choice depends on your specific needs and shooting style.
If you prioritize a consistent trigger pull, ease of concealment, and simplicity, a striker fired pistol may be the better option. If you prefer the feel of a hammer, the added safety of a long first trigger pull, and the option of a manual safety, a double action pistol could be the ideal choice.
It is always recommended to try out different action types at a shooting range before making a purchase. This allows you to evaluate the trigger feel, ergonomics, and overall handling of each pistol. Consult with experienced shooters and gunsmiths for advice.
Do further research. Explore different models from various manufacturers. Visiting a gun range to try out both types of pistols is the most important thing. Talk to firearm instructors, and learn about the safety features. Choose the action that best suits your personal shooting needs. This informed approach ensures that you select the handgun that is best prepared for the circumstances.
