Understanding the Savage 110 and Barrel Swapping
The Savage 110 rifle has long been a favorite among hunters and shooters. Its robust design, accurate performance, and, crucially, its user-friendliness make it a perfect platform for those looking to customize their shooting experience. One of the most impactful modifications you can undertake is a Savage 110 barrel swap, allowing you to change calibers, refine accuracy, and tailor your rifle to your specific needs. This comprehensive guide will walk you through every step, ensuring you have the knowledge to upgrade your rifle successfully.
Understanding the foundation of a Savage 110 rifle and the process of a Savage 110 barrel swap is essential before you begin. The Savage 110’s design is centered around a barrel nut system. This innovative design allows you to change barrels relatively easily compared to other rifle designs. The barrel is threaded and then screwed into the receiver. The barrel nut then clamps the barrel into place, securing it. This clever system makes barrel swapping a straightforward task, opening the door to a world of customization.
This system provides significant advantages. First and foremost, it simplifies the barrel replacement process. Unlike rifles that require more complex operations, you can typically perform a Savage 110 barrel swap at home with the right tools and knowledge. Secondly, it allows for quick caliber changes. Want to switch from a hunting round to a target shooting caliber? This design makes it a practical and achievable goal. Finally, it allows for incredible customization. You’re not limited to the original factory options. You can select barrels with different lengths, contours, and twists rates, enabling you to optimize your rifle for your preferred shooting style.
Recognizing the different action lengths available for Savage 110 rifles is also essential. These rifles come in short action and long action variants. This difference dictates the cartridge length the receiver is designed to accommodate, ultimately determining which calibers you can utilize with your Savage 110 barrel swap. Verify compatibility with the action you have, ensuring you choose a barrel designed for the same action type. The bolt face, the part of the bolt that surrounds the primer, also dictates which cartridges you can use. Carefully verify this matching before embarking on your Savage 110 barrel swap. A bolt face designed for a magnum cartridge, for example, won’t work with a standard .308 Winchester.
Selecting the Proper Barrel
Choosing the right barrel is the crucial first step. Your selection process directly impacts the performance of your newly modified rifle. Consider these important factors:
Caliber
This is the most fundamental decision. The caliber you select dictates the type of ammunition you will be able to use. Determine what you will use your rifle for. Hunting? Target shooting? Then match your caliber selection to the purpose of your rifle. Make sure your chosen caliber is compatible with your bolt face.
Barrel Length and Profile
Barrel length affects bullet velocity and balance. Longer barrels generally provide higher muzzle velocities and greater accuracy, but also add weight and make the rifle less maneuverable. Barrel profile influences rigidity, heat dissipation, and weight. Heavy, bull barrels are excellent for target shooting, offering greater stability and resistance to heating. Lighter sporter profiles are often better for hunting, where carrying weight is a factor.
Twist Rate
The twist rate refers to the rate at which the rifling in the barrel spins the bullet, expressed as an inch per rotation. The twist rate must be matched to the bullet weight you plan to use. Heavier bullets require a faster twist rate. Using the wrong twist rate will result in inaccurate shooting. Consult a ballistics chart, or the barrel manufacturer’s recommendations to determine the correct twist for your chosen bullet weight.
Material
Barrels are typically made of either carbon steel or stainless steel. Stainless steel barrels are more resistant to corrosion and require less maintenance, making them ideal for harsher environments. Carbon steel barrels generally offer better accuracy but require more diligent care to prevent rust.
Manufacturer
Research reputable barrel manufacturers known for quality and accuracy. Reviews, customer testimonials, and gunsmith recommendations are valuable resources.
Contour
This refers to the shape and weight distribution of the barrel. Different contours are suitable for different purposes. Sporter barrels, as mentioned before, are designed for lightweight use, whereas varmint and bull barrels are typically heavier, offering greater accuracy.
Gathering Required Supplies
Having the right tools and supplies on hand before you begin will make the process easier, safer, and more successful.
Barrel Wrench
This specialized wrench is designed specifically for removing and installing the barrel nut. Ensure it is the correct type for your Savage 110.
Action Wrench
While not always essential, an action wrench helps secure the receiver firmly in place, making it easier to loosen the barrel nut.
Torque Wrench
A torque wrench is critical for tightening the barrel nut to the correct specification. Over-tightening or under-tightening can lead to accuracy issues.
Headspace Gauges
These gauges are absolutely vital for checking and setting the headspace. Headspace is the distance between the bolt face and the chamber’s shoulder. Incorrect headspace can cause dangerous conditions. You’ll need “go,” “no-go,” and potentially a “field” gauge, specific to the caliber you are fitting.
Cleaning Supplies
You’ll need bore cleaner, patches, a cleaning rod, and any other supplies typically used to clean your firearm.
Vise and Vise Blocks
A sturdy vise and appropriate action blocks or vise pads are essential for safely securing your rifle.
Lubricant
Use appropriate lubricant, such as gun grease, to lubricate the barrel threads and nut during assembly.
Safety Considerations
Firearm safety is paramount. Always prioritize safety throughout the process.
Unload and Verify
Before starting any work, ensure the rifle is unloaded. Visually and physically check the chamber.
Clear Workspace
Work in a well-lit and organized area, free from distractions.
Eye Protection
Always wear eye protection when working with firearms.
Read and Understand
Thoroughly read the instructions for your specific barrel and tools before starting.
Consult a Professional
If you’re not completely comfortable, or if you encounter any issues, consult a qualified gunsmith.
The Actual Swap Process
Here’s a step-by-step guide for your Savage 110 barrel swap:
Preparation
Place your rifle in the vise, using the action blocks to protect the receiver.
Removing the Old Barrel
Use the barrel wrench to loosen the barrel nut. It might require some effort. Apply steady, even pressure.
If the barrel nut is exceptionally tight, you may need to use the action wrench to secure the receiver further.
Once the nut is loose, carefully unscrew and remove it.
The barrel should now be able to be removed. It may require a little tapping or gentle persuasion.
Preparing the New Barrel
Clean the chamber and threads of the new barrel using appropriate cleaning solutions.
Installing the New Barrel and Setting Headspace
Screw the new barrel into the receiver.
Hand-tighten the barrel nut.
This is where the headspace gauges become essential. Start with the “go” gauge. The bolt should close fully on the “go” gauge.
Now, try the “no-go” gauge. The bolt should *not* close fully on the “no-go” gauge. If it does, you’ll need to adjust the barrel. If the bolt won’t close on the “go” gauge, the barrel is too far away from the bolt.
If you’re using a field gauge, the bolt should not close on it.
If the headspace isn’t correct, adjust the barrel’s position by slightly tightening the barrel nut, checking headspace with each adjustment. Note that minor adjustments can significantly affect headspace.
Use the torque wrench and tighten the barrel nut.
Consult the manufacturer’s specifications. Usually, torque specifications are from 50 – 80 ft-lbs. Check headspace one last time after applying the final torque.
Finalization and Cleaning
Reassemble the rifle. Thoroughly clean the new barrel with cleaning supplies.
Reflections After Modification
After completing your Savage 110 barrel swap, several steps are important.
Test Firing and Adjustment
Head to the range. Carefully fire test groups to evaluate accuracy. If the rifle is not shooting correctly, inspect the barrel nut torque. Consider using different ammunition to see if it shoots accurately.
Barrel Break-In
Most new barrels require a break-in period. This process involves cleaning the barrel after each shot, gradually allowing the bore to condition. Consult the barrel manufacturer’s recommendations for the proper break-in procedure.
Troubleshooting
If you encounter issues, such as poor accuracy or feeding problems, review the steps. Ensure the barrel nut is properly torqued. Check for any obstructions. Seek professional gunsmithing help if you are not comfortable.
Maintenance
Cleaning your rifle is crucial. Regularly clean your rifle’s barrel after use. Make sure that you are storing your firearm in a safe location, away from dampness and chemicals.
Conclusion
Rifle customization is a great way to improve your shooting experience. A Savage 110 barrel swap is a rewarding project, allowing you to adapt your rifle to your needs and preferences. With careful planning, proper tools, and safe practices, you can significantly upgrade your rifle’s performance.
Remember, this guide is for informational purposes only. If you are not confident in your abilities, it is always recommended to seek assistance from a qualified gunsmith. Good luck, and happy shooting!
