Why Reload Twelve Gauge Shells? – The Benefits Abound
Cost Savings
The decision to reload is driven by several compelling factors. First and foremost, it’s about potential cost savings. While the initial investment in equipment and components can be significant, the long-term economic advantages of reloading are substantial. By purchasing components like primers, powder, wads, and shot in bulk, you can drastically lower the per-shell cost compared to buying factory-loaded ammunition. The degree of cost savings depends on several things, including the volume of shooting you do and the specific components you choose. For example, if you are a dedicated sporting clays enthusiast, the cumulative savings over a year can be substantial, potentially offsetting the initial costs and putting more money back in your pocket for other pursuits.
Customization
Beyond economics, one of the most appealing aspects of reloading is the ability to tailor your loads for optimal performance. Unlike the one-size-fits-all approach of factory ammunition, reloading allows you to fine-tune your shells to match your specific needs, whether you’re pursuing upland birds, waterfowl, or breaking clays. You have complete control over the components, allowing you to choose shot size, powder type, wad configuration, and the overall charge weight. This customization is key to achieving superior results in various shooting disciplines. For example, a waterfowl hunter might opt for heavier shot sizes like BB or BBB with a specific powder designed for consistent patterns and optimal downrange energy. A target shooter might prioritize lighter shot charges, specific wad types, and faster burning powders to achieve tighter patterns at closer ranges.
Improved Performance
Furthermore, reloading gives you the potential to squeeze even better performance out of your shotgun. Careful selection of high-quality components and meticulous attention to detail during the reloading process can lead to enhanced consistency and accuracy. Precise powder charges, matched with the right wads and shot, can improve shot patterns, leading to a higher probability of hitting your target. This level of precision is not always found in factory ammunition, where cost-cutting measures can sometimes compromise quality. Reloading allows you to build shells that meet your exact standards and maximize your shooting potential.
Component Availability & Sustainability
Component availability and sustainability also plays an important role. Reloading allows you to use a wide array of components. Furthermore, reloading offers a way to make your shooting practices more sustainable. By reusing hulls, you are extending the lifespan of a major component and reducing waste. Many shooters also appreciate the environmental benefits of choosing non-toxic shot options, like steel, bismuth, or tungsten, which can be reloaded and utilized just like their lead counterparts.
Essential Components for Reloading Twelve Gauge Shells: The Building Blocks
Shells (Hulls)
The foundation of successful reloading lies in the quality and compatibility of the components you select. Understanding each component and its function is crucial for creating safe and effective loads. The shell itself, often referred to as the hull, is the primary container for your ammunition. Hulls come in various materials, including plastic and, less commonly, paper. Plastic hulls are by far the most common choice today, offering durability and reloadability. Before reusing a hull, always inspect it carefully for any signs of damage, such as cracks, splits, or bulges. These imperfections can compromise the structural integrity of the shell and pose a safety risk. Additionally, pay attention to the type of hull, as different brands and models might require different loading recipes and wad compatibility. The number of times you can reload a hull varies based on its quality and how it’s treated. Proper handling, careful crimping, and the use of quality components will extend its lifespan.
Primers
Primers initiate the combustion process. They are small, sensitive capsules containing a primer compound that detonates when struck by the firing pin. There are various primer types, including standard primers for general use and magnum primers for heavier loads and colder weather. It’s crucial to use the correct primer type specified in your chosen reloading recipe. Handling primers requires extra care, as they are sensitive to impact and temperature changes. Store them in a cool, dry place away from any potential sources of ignition. Never attempt to dismantle or modify a primer.
Powder
Powder provides the propellant, generating the expanding gases that push the shot out of the barrel. Different powder types have varying burn rates, which affects the pressure curve and the velocity of the shot. Choose the powder specified in your reloading recipe, as substituting powders can lead to dangerous pressure spikes or suboptimal performance. Measure powder charges with precision, using a reliable scale to ensure consistency.
Wads
Wads are the critical element between the powder and the shot, acting as a seal to contain the expanding gases and protect the shot from direct contact with the barrel. They also help shape the shot column and influence the pattern. There is a diverse selection of wad types available, including shot cups for birdshot and gas seals for buckshot or slugs. Select a wad compatible with the hull you’re using and the size of shot you plan to load.
Shot
Shot is the projectiles that do the work. It is typically made of lead, but many alternatives like steel, bismuth, tungsten, and others are available, each having unique characteristics and applications. The size of the shot dictates how many pellets are in each shell and impacts its effective range and lethality. Birdshot is typically used for small game and clay targets, while buckshot is commonly used for self-defense and hunting larger game. The shot size is important, as it is matched to the wad used.
Tools and Equipment Required for Reloading Twelve Gauge Shells: The Right Gear for the Job
Reloading Press
Setting up a reloading bench requires investing in the appropriate tools and equipment. The right tools can significantly enhance the reloading process, making it safer, more efficient, and more enjoyable. The reloading press is the heart of your operation. It is used to perform various steps in the reloading process, including resizing hulls, seating primers, charging powder, inserting wads, and crimping the shells. There are single-stage presses, which perform one operation at a time, and progressive presses, which perform multiple operations simultaneously. Progressive presses are more efficient for high-volume reloading, while single-stage presses offer more control and are suitable for beginners. Consider your reloading needs and budget when selecting a press.
Scales and Measuring Devices
Accurate measurement is key to safe and consistent reloading. A reliable scale is essential for measuring powder and shot charges. Digital scales offer high precision and ease of use. Beam scales, though they may be a little slower, can also do the job. In addition to a scale, you’ll need measuring devices like powder and shot bushings to ensure the correct volumes. These tools work in conjunction with the press to meter the shot and powder.
Case Trimmer and Primer Pocket Tools
While not always required, case trimmers and primer pocket tools can enhance the quality of your reloads. Case trimmers are used to ensure that all hulls are trimmed to the same length, which can improve crimping consistency and accuracy. Primer pocket tools can clean primer pockets, removing any residue and ensuring that primers seat properly.
Safety Equipment
Safety equipment is non-negotiable. Always wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from flying debris and primer fragments. Wear gloves to protect your hands from chemicals and lead exposure. Finally, be sure that your workspace is well-ventilated.
The Reloading Process: A Step-by-Step Guide
Safety First
Always begin with safety. Your safety is paramount, so wear safety glasses and consider using gloves.
Case Preparation
Start by inspecting the hulls for any signs of damage, such as cracks or bulges. Discard any hulls that are damaged or have been reloaded too many times. Then, resize the hulls using your press, which will ensure that they fit properly in your shotgun chamber. Next, clean the primer pockets.
Priming
Insert a new primer into the hull. The primer is the tiny spark that starts the entire firing process.
Powder Charging
Next, measure out the correct amount of powder. Follow the load data carefully, using a scale to ensure accuracy.
Wad Seating
Insert the wad, making sure it sits firmly against the powder. This will create a gas-tight seal.
Shot Charging
Measure and add the shot. The shot is the projectile that leaves the barrel. Make sure you’re using the correct shot size for your intended purpose.
Shell Crimping
Crimp the shell. The crimp seals the shell, holding everything in place.
Final Inspection
Double-check the entire loaded shell, making sure all components have been added in the correct amounts.
Important Considerations: Safety, Recipes, and Best Practices
Safety Precautions
Reloading ammunition is not something to be taken lightly, and safety must always be your top priority. Ensure that you are following these safety precautions. Always store reloading components, including primers and powder, in a cool, dry place away from any sources of heat or ignition. Always wear safety glasses and consider wearing gloves. It only takes one mistake to cause a serious injury. Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize your exposure to lead and other chemicals. Never exceed the maximum load data specified in your reloading manual. Doing so can result in dangerous pressure spikes that can damage your firearm and cause serious injury.
Reloading Data and Recipes
Use reloading recipes from reliable sources, such as reputable reloading manuals published by powder manufacturers. Never guess or substitute components in a recipe. If you are new to reloading, start with the starting loads and then work your way up to maximum loads. This will allow you to identify any problems early on.
Troubleshooting
Understand common troubleshooting issues and how to resolve them. This can include misfires, weak loads, and other potential issues.
Storage and Handling
Store your reloaded shells in a secure location, away from children and unauthorized individuals. Always label your reloads with the date and the load data so you have a record of what you have created.
Where to Find Components and Resources
Obtaining quality components and reliable information is essential for successful reloading. Here is a list of recommended resources. Find components, like primers, powder, wads, and shot, at reputable reloading supply stores, both online and local brick-and-mortar retailers. Research prices and availability to find the best deals. Consult reputable reloading manuals, such as those published by powder manufacturers. These manuals provide detailed load data for various components and shell configurations. Take advantage of online resources, like forums and websites, to connect with other reloaders and learn from their experience. Seek out expert advice when needed.
Reloading twelve-gauge shells can be an extremely rewarding experience. The ability to save money, tailor your loads for specific purposes, and fine-tune your shooting performance is unparalleled. Reloading allows you to connect with the sport on a deeper level and create your own custom ammunition. By carefully following the guidelines presented in this article, you can safely and efficiently reload your own shells, and open up a whole new world of shooting possibilities.
Reloading ammunition is a potentially hazardous activity. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional advice. Always prioritize safety, follow recommended loading data, and consult with experienced reloaders if needed. We are not responsible for any accidents, injuries, or damages resulting from reloading ammunition.
